How HIFU technology revolutionises prostate cancer treatment

DAR ES SALAAM: IN a groundbreaking development for the Tanzanian health sector, Kairuki Hospital has introduced High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) for the treatment of prostate conditions, including prostate cancer.

This new technology marks a significant shift from traditional surgical procedures to a non-invasive method that offers effective treatment with minimal risks.

The prostate is a small gland located below the bladder in men, playing a crucial role in the male reproductive system by producing seminal fluid. Prostate conditions, including benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer, are common in men, particularly as they age.

According to Better Health, about 25 per cent of men aged 55 and older develop prostate conditions, with this figure rising to 50 per cent by age 70.

Prostate cancer, in particular, is a major health concern, often developing without noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Regular checkups, especially for men aged 50 and above, are crucial for early detection and prevention of prostate-related issues.

The introduction of High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) is a milestone in the non-invasive treatment of prostate conditions. HIFU uses focused ultrasound waves to heat and destroy cancerous tissue within the prostate, offering an alternative to traditional surgeries.

This innovation provides hope for patients, particularly those in the early stages of prostate cancer (stages one and two), as it eliminates the need for invasive surgical procedures. Dr Julieth Kajugusi, a radiologist at Kairuki Hospital, emphasised the efficacy of HIFU in treating prostate tumours and early-stage prostate cancer.

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“This machine can completely treat prostate tumours and prostate cancer, provided it hasn’t spread to other parts of the body,” she explained.

The precision of HIFU ensures that only the affected areas of the prostate are targeted, reducing the risk of damage to surrounding healthy tissues. Before undergoing HIFU treatment, patients are required to have an ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan.

These imaging techniques help doctors precisely locate the tumour or cancerous areas of the prostate. The treatment process can take between three to five hours, depending on the size and location of the tumour.

Dr Kajugusi highlighted that HIFU has a 100 per cent success rate for prostate tumours, although some patients may not be suitable for the treatment.

Dr kajugusi said, “if there is too much fat between the skin and the tumour, the risk of burns increases, making those patients ineligible for HIFU.” Despite these limitations, HIFU offers an effective solution for many patients, particularly those who are not candidates for surgery due to age or other medical conditions.

The procedure carries low risks, but thorough checkups are essential to determine patient suitability. HIFU offers several advantages over traditional prostate surgery including the non-invasive that is unlike surgery, HIFU does not require incisions or anaesthesia, significantly reducing recovery time and associated risks.

The ultrasound waves are precisely focused on the cancerous tissue, minimising damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Another advantage of HIFU treatment is that patients can return to their daily activities much sooner compared to those who undergo surgery, as HIFU causes minimal disruption to the body.

Complications such as infection, bleeding, and incontinence For cancer patients, HIFU is often used in combination with other treatments, such as chemotherapy, to reduce hormone production that contributes to prostate gland issues.

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This comprehensive approach helps slow the progression of cancer and improves patient outcomes. Men aged 50 and older are encouraged to have regular prostate health checkups to detect any abnormalities early.

Dr Kajugusi emphasised the importance of early detection, noting that prostate cancer in its early stages can often be treated successfully with HIFU before it progresses to more advanced stages.

“Early stages of prostate disease may not exhibit any symptoms, which is why regular screening is essential. Men in this age group should prioritise their prostate health to prevent the development of cancer and large tumours,” Dr Kajugusi advised.

The introduction of HIFU technology at Kairuki Hospital represents a significant advancement in Tanzania’s approach to treating prostate cancer. With its non-invasive nature, high success rate, and minimal side effects, HIFU offers a promising alternative for many patients who may otherwise face the risks and challenges of surgery.

As awareness of prostate health and cancer treatment options grows, it is hoped that more men will seek regular checkups and early intervention, potentially reducing the incidence and impact of prostate cancer in Tanzania.

With ongoing advancements in medical technology and treatment, the future looks brighter for prostate cancer patients across the country.